This scheme is to provide some financial assistance to them for starting some Industry, Craft or Small Trade so as to enable them to earn a livelihood. Social Rehabilitation of ex-convicts and offenders placed under supervision of poor economic condition is a grave social problem. Whom to contact- Details of District Probation Offices During the probation period, the probation officer maintains contact with the offender to ensure compliance with the rules and regulations and also provides various types of assistance to him. The probation officer helps the probationer to become law-abiding and stable. The supervisory function of a Probation Officer are protecting the community and helping individual under care. The law helps him to help himself to erase the stigma of conviction and gives him the guidance of the probation officer. The object of probation is the ultimate re-establishment of the offenders in the community. It calls for the careful study of the individual and intensive supervision by the competent, trained probation officers. Moreover, probation is the application of modern scientific casework to individuals, outside institution with the authority of the law behind it. The length of the probation varies and is determined by the court. Probation is a method of dealing with specially selected offenders and consists of the conditional suspension of punishment while the offender is placed under the personal supervision of the probation officer and is given individualized treatment. It developed as an alternative to imprisonment. Thus, Probation is a non-institutional treatment method designed to facilitate the social re-adjustment of offenders. There are all community based non institutional treatment methods. Therefore, in course of time, various non-institutional methods of treatment for offenders have been introduced eg: probation, parole, premature release, half-way houses etc. But, in due course it was realized that prisons do not serve the purpose of training and rehabilitation of all categories of offenders. Prison or correctional institutions are no longer regarded as custodial institution only but also as treatment and training centres for those who fall foul with laws. This basic understanding has led to the innovation of a number of treatment method for offenders. Two individuals may commit the same crime but each act differs from the other in its social, economics, psychological and environmental ramification. However, it has been perceived that all human beings do not respond in the same manner to a given stimuli. But, in course of time, it has been realized that the protection of society is better ensured if the offender is corrected and reformed through individualized treatments. The age-old idea was that the offender should be confined to the prison and kept away from the community as long as possible. Probation is universally accepted as an effective and scientific method for prevention of crime and delinquency. In 1991, among the old age people in the range of 60-69, 53.8% are widows and among those above 70 years it comes to 69.20 percent.īy 2021, about 20 percent of our population would be elderly and the demand on the social security system would be really enormous.So, it is very important to remember that social security to the senior citizens is not charity instead it is their basic human right. It is also to be noted that majority of old age people in Kerala are widows. In percentage terms it was 5.83% in 1961, 8.82% in 1991 and 9.79% in 2001 which is much higher than in other states.
The old age population in 1961 was 25.6 million while after 30 years i.e., in 1991 it was more than double which comes to 56.7 million. In 2002, of the total 1018 old age homes in India registered with the Help Age India, 186 are from Kerala. In India, the culture of sending elderly persons to Old Age Home is fast developing. The elderly population (60+) in India is a fast growing phenomenon.
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